管理制度-国际安全管理章程之实施对船舶 精品.doc
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1、國際安全管理章程之實施對船舶海上航行安全影響之研究A Study on the Shipping Safety under the influence of Implementation of ISM Code袁智清* 林銘智* 郭俊良*Chih-Ching Yuan*, Ming-Chih Lin, and Jiunn-Liang Guonavigatnmail.ccmtc.edu.tw摘要國際安全管理章程自1994年5月被納入1974年海上人命安全國際公約及其1978年議定書(簡稱為SOLAS 74/78)附錄第九章,而於今年(20XX年)7月1日起全面實施,全球航運界已如火如荼地投入安全
2、管理數年。本研究以各港口國管制等相關資料,從PSC船舶留置率、海難人為因素、海事肇事率及散裝船安全性等方面著手分析,發覺雖然從海事肇事率及散裝船安全性等方面可看出國際安全管理章程實施之成效;但是從各港口國管制之船舶留置率、海難人為因素等相關資料並不能完全看出其成效;而從海難人為因素之分析,發現安全文化之建立是船舶航行安全之保障;而國際安全管理章程之實施所欲建立之最終內涵即是安全文化。關鍵詞:國際安全管理章程、港口國管制、人為疏失、安全文化中國海事商業專科學校航海科副教授Associate Professor, Department of Navigation, China College of
3、 Marine Technology and merce212, Sec. 9, Yen-Ping N. Rd., Taipei 111, Taiwan.*中國海事商業專科學校航海科講師AbstractIn May 1994 the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted an international management code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention (known as the ISM code) which was made
4、mandatory through the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS 74/78). pliance with the code has been mandatory for tankers, passenger ships, and bulk carriers since July 1998, under the first phase of ISM implementation, and from 1 July 20XX for other vessels covered by the SOL
5、AS Convention, which included all but the smallest internationally trading vessels. During these years, the shipping industry has made efforts to create a safety management program. This study attempts to determine the impact of the ISM code on maritime safety through an analysis of Port State Contr
6、ol (PSC) data and marine accident records. The results show that implementation of the ISM code has already had a positive effect on the safety of bulk carriers and has produced a reduction in marine accidents. But we did not find the same results through analysis of PSC data and marine accidents pr
7、oduced by human errors. Meanwhile, evidence so far suggests that implementation of a culture of safety is the key to improving shipping safety through the analysis of human factors in marine accidents. So, it is clear that the culture of safety is the final goal of the implementation of the ISM code
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